SHS – Swiss Humanoid Safety Standard

A Swiss-Led Safety Framework for Humanoid Robots

A voluntary, pre-regulatory framework for humanoid robots addressing safety, responsibility, and compliance as humanoid systems move into real-world human environments.

Executive Overview

SHS Safety Standard
The SHS – Swiss Humanoid Safety Standard is a voluntary, pre-regulatory framework for humanoid robots.

It addresses the emerging need for demonstrated safety, responsibility, and compliance as humanoid systems move from research labs into real-world human environments.

SHS provides manufacturers, operators, and regulators with a structured, auditable benchmark ahead of binding humanoid-specific regulation.

Purpose and Positioning

Swiss-led, internationally compatible safety standard

Swiss-Led Framework

Positioned as a Swiss-led, internationally compatible safety standard that complements existing legal frameworks.

Anticipatory Governance

Practical safety implementation before full regulation—preparing the industry for future compliance.

Non-Replacement Approach

Complements existing legal frameworks and industrial norms without replacing them.

Auditable Benchmark

Provides manufacturers, operators, and regulators with a structured, verifiable reference framework.

Scope of Application

Target groups and lifecycle coverage

Primary Target Groups

  • Humanoid robot manufacturers
  • System integrators
  • Software and AI stack providers

Secondary Target Groups

  • Robot operators and deployment teams
  • Insurance providers
  • Public authorities and procurement bodies

Complete Lifecycle Coverage

Design & Architecture Software & AI Testing & Validation Deployment Updates & Decommissioning

SHS covers the entire humanoid robot lifecycle from initial design through end-of-life.

SHS Safety Architecture

Nine mandatory safety domains

Risk Analysis and Hazard Classification

Systematic identification and classification of potential risks throughout system operation.

Physical Safety and Biomechanics

Protection against physical harm through force limits, collision avoidance, and biomechanical analysis.

Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)

Safe, predictable, and transparent interaction patterns between humans and humanoid systems.

Operational Safety and Safe States

Defined emergency stop procedures, fail-safe modes, and system degradation protocols.

Autonomy and AI Governance

Transparent decision-making, explainability, and human oversight of autonomous behaviors.

Software Updates and Change Management

Controlled update processes with safety validation before deployment of new capabilities.

Cybersecurity and Data Protection

Protection against cyber threats and compliance with data privacy regulations.

Testing, Validation, and Documentation

Comprehensive testing protocols and complete documentation for auditability.

Operations and Responsibility Model

Clear definition of roles, responsibilities, and accountability throughout deployment and operation.

Certification Levels

Three levels based on human exposure

Higher certification levels inherit all requirements from lower levels.

SHS-L1

Controlled Environment

Application: Operations in defined, controlled spaces with trained personnel only.

Use Cases
  • Industrial facilities
  • Research laboratories
  • Controlled testing environments
  • Restricted access areas
Key Requirements
  • Basic risk assessment
  • Emergency stop systems
  • Operator training protocols
  • Physical safety barriers
SHS-L2

Shared Human Environment

Application: Operations in semi-public spaces with mixed trained and untrained human presence.

Use Cases
  • Corporate offices and facilities
  • Healthcare environments
  • Educational institutions
  • Hospitality and service sectors
Additional Requirements
  • Enhanced HRI safety protocols
  • Collision avoidance systems
  • Transparency and explainability
  • Continuous monitoring
SHS-L3

Public Interaction

Application: Unrestricted operation in fully public spaces with vulnerable populations.

Use Cases
  • Public transportation hubs
  • Retail and shopping centers
  • Public events and gatherings
  • Urban outdoor environments
Highest Requirements
  • Advanced AI safety validation
  • Child and elderly interaction safety
  • Real-time incident reporting
  • Comprehensive liability coverage

Certification and Oversight Model

Structured process for compliance verification

Certification Unit

Certification applies per robot model, per major software version, within a defined configuration scope (hardware, software, application context).

Certification Process

Pre-Assessment Documentation Review Technical Audit Certificate Issuance HRAS Registry

Validity and Maintenance

  • Standard validity: 24 months
  • Annual conformity declaration: Required
  • Surveillance audit: Every 24 months
  • Full re-certification: Every 48 months or after major redesign

Audit Triggers

  • Scheduled surveillance audits
  • Major software or hardware updates
  • Reported safety incidents
  • Non-compliance indicators
  • Loss of documentation integrity

Important: HRAS reserves the right to suspend or withdraw certification for non-compliance, unreported incidents, or loss of documentation integrity.

Value Proposition

Benefits for all stakeholders

Manufacturers
  • Reduced liability exposure
  • Faster market acceptance
  • Regulatory preparation
  • Competitive differentiation
Operators
  • Clear responsibilities
  • Reduced operational risk
  • Stronger public trust
  • Insurance optimization
Regulators & Insurers
  • Auditable reference framework
  • Swiss governance model
  • Evidence-based compliance
  • Risk assessment foundation

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about SHS certification

No, SHS is a voluntary standard. However, it provides manufacturers and operators with a structured safety framework ahead of binding regulations and demonstrates commitment to responsible robotics deployment.

SHS is designed to complement EU Machinery Regulation, GPSR, and the AI Act. It does not replace legal requirements but provides additional safety assurance and prepares organizations for future humanoid-specific regulations.

Audits are conducted by HRAS-approved certification bodies with expertise in robotics, AI safety, and regulatory compliance. HRAS maintains the certification registry and oversight framework.

Incidents must be reported to HRAS immediately. An incident-based audit may be triggered, and certification may be suspended pending investigation. The incident response process is designed to improve safety standards continuously.

Yes, SHS is internationally compatible and open to global manufacturers. The standard is designed to align with international norms while providing Swiss governance credibility.

Get Involved with SHS Development

This is a draft for external review. Your feedback helps shape the future of humanoid robot safety standards.

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